Testing acc. to VDA 230-223: Plastic Roll Goods for Motor Vehicle Trim - Test procedure for amine resistance
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Our test laboratory performs testing according to VDA 230-223 to determine the amine resistance of PVC-based plastic roll goods used in automotive interiors. The test investigates colour changes and off-odours caused by amines that may be released, for example, from adjacent PUR foams.
The standard simulates combined exposure to amines and elevated temperature. Depending on the application, colour changes or amine-induced odour changes are evaluated.
Testing according to VDA 230-223
The specimens are stored together with a defined quantity of an amine catalyst in a closed test vessel at elevated temperature. VDA 230-223 specifies three procedures with different exposure and temperature conditions.
Method A evaluates colour changes under high-temperature conditions, while Method B addresses applications with moderate thermal exposure. Method C investigates the formation of off-odours after amine exposure and heat treatment.
For colour assessment, changes relative to a reference specimen are determined colorimetrically as ΔE, ΔL, Δa and Δb. Method C additionally includes a sensory odour test according to VDA 270, providing both an odour rating and a description of the perceived odour.
Applications of the test
The method is particularly relevant to PVC artificial leather and plastic roll goods used in vehicle interiors in combination with PUR foams or other materials capable of releasing amines.
Typical applications include sun visors, armrests, instrument panels and wrapped interior components. The test can identify material combinations in which released amines cause discoloration or undesirable odours.
It is therefore suitable for comparing PVC formulations, coatings and material combinations and for assessing compatibility between visible automotive surfaces and adjacent foam or backing materials.
Related standards
Method C uses odour testing according to VDA 270 for the sensory evaluation of automotive interior materials and components. A related resistance test is the resistance to nitrogen oxides according to VDA 230-222. While VDA 230-223 examines amine exposure, VDA 230-222 assesses material and colour changes caused by nitrogen oxides. In addition, thermal desorption analysis according to VDA 278 can be used for instrumental analysis of organic emissions from automotive interior materials.
Further information can be found in our overview of VDA tests and specifications and in the test laboratory overview with a search function for standards, specifications and testing services. For specific cases of material problems, we also provide support through failure analysis and material assessment.
